IELTS.international
Discussionacademic·2025

Some argue that governments should subsidize local farmers to support agriculture. Others believe that free market competition is better. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Write **at least 250 words**. Spend ~40 minutes. This is a real IELTS exam-style question.

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Step 1

IELTS Examiner Tips for This Topic

1

For this 'Discuss both views' essay, dedicate one full body paragraph to thoroughly exploring the arguments for government subsidies and another distinct paragraph to the merits of free market competition. Avoid the common pitfall of being too one-sided or blending arguments, as this undermines a balanced discussion and can limit your Task Response score.

2

When discussing subsidies, consider arguments like ensuring food security, preserving rural communities, or promoting sustainable farming practices, citing examples such as the EU's Common Agricultural Policy or Japan's rice subsidies. For free market competition, focus on efficiency gains, lower consumer prices due to increased competition, and reduced taxpayer burden, perhaps referencing New Zealand's agricultural deregulation in the 1980s.

3

A frequent mistake is to merely list pros and cons without developing coherent arguments or linking them back to the core debate of government intervention versus market forces. To avoid this, ensure each point is fully elaborated with explanations, potential consequences, or specific examples, clearly articulating why subsidies are advocated or why free market is preferred.

4

Employ a clear contrastive linking strategy between your two main body paragraphs to signal the shift in perspective. Begin the second body paragraph with phrases like 'Conversely,' 'In stark contrast,' or 'However, proponents of a free market approach contend that...' to smoothly transition and highlight the opposing viewpoint.

5

Examiners look for a nuanced discussion that acknowledges the complexities of both economic approaches, demonstrating a sophisticated understanding beyond surface-level arguments. A band 8-9 response will not only present well-supported arguments for each view but also offer a clear, well-reasoned personal opinion in the conclusion that synthesises the preceding discussion, using precise academic vocabulary and complex grammatical structures.

Step 2

Recommended Essay Structure (Band 7+ Standard)

1
Introduction

Show mastery by presenting both sides fairly and establishing your stance.

  • Demonstrate understanding of BOTH perspectives — this shows critical thinking
  • State which side you lean toward — even if you're discussing both equally
  • Maintain neutral, academic tone — avoid emotional language or bias

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

There are differing opinions on whether...While some people believe that..., others argue that...This essay will examine both perspectives before reaching a conclusion.
2
Body Paragraph 1 — First Viewpoint

Present one side with respect and credibility.

  • Even if you disagree, present this view authentically with real examples
  • Use academic reporting language: 'Research indicates...', 'Studies show...', 'Experts argue...'
  • Acknowledge strengths — this demonstrates balanced analysis and earns marks

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

On the one hand, supporters of this view argue that...Those in favour point out that...A key argument for this position is...
3
Body Paragraph 2 — Opposing Viewpoint

Present the counter-argument with equal depth and sophistication.

  • Match the structure and depth of paragraph 1 — examiners compare them
  • Use contrasting transition words: 'Conversely', 'In contrast', 'On the other hand'
  • If you have an opinion, make this paragraph slightly stronger — but stay fair

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

On the other hand, critics contend that...However, there is a strong counter-argument...Conversely, many people feel that...
4
Conclusion

Synthesize both views and deliver your decisive judgment.

  • Acknowledge validity of both sides — this shows intellectual maturity
  • State your preference clearly and confidently — don't hedge or waffle
  • Take a firm position — examiners reward clarity over fence-sitting

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

In conclusion, while both sides have merit, I believe that...Having considered both arguments, it seems that...

Step 3

High-Scoring Vocabulary & Collocations

agricultural subsidiesFinancial aid provided by the government to farmers to support agricultural production and income.
food securityThe state of having reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.
market liberalisationThe process of removing government restrictions and regulations from markets to encourage free competition.
it is widely acknowledged thatA phrase used to introduce a generally accepted fact, belief, or understanding.
a compelling argument can be madeIndicates that a strong and persuasive point or case can be presented.
this notion is predicated onMeans that an idea or concept is based on or depends upon a particular assumption or principle.
from my perspectiveUsed to introduce one's personal viewpoint or opinion.
the evidence overwhelmingly suggestsIndicates that there is a strong body of proof or data supporting a particular conclusion.
notwithstandingIn spite of; despite.
it could be argued thatUsed to introduce a point that is open to discussion or debate, often to present an alternative or nuanced view.

Step 4

Academic Phrases for This Essay Type

It is widely acknowledged thatThere is compelling evidence to suggestThis phenomenon can be attributed toA growing body of research indicatesThe implications of this are far-reachingThis raises important questions aboutFrom a broader perspectiveIt would be short-sighted to ignore

Addition

MoreoverFurthermoreIn additionWhat is more

Contrast

HoweverNeverthelessOn the other handConversely

Cause / Effect

ConsequentlyAs a resultThereforeThis leads to

Example

For instanceTo illustrateA case in point isSuch as

Concession

AlthoughWhile it is true thatDespiteAdmittedly

Step 5

Grammar Patterns for Band 7+

Complex sentence with concession

Although some argue that technology isolates people, the evidence suggests it strengthens connections.

Shows advanced grammatical control. Start with 'Although/While' + opposing view, then state your position — demonstrates nuanced thinking.

Conditional (Type 2)

If governments invested more in public transport, traffic congestion would decrease significantly.

Perfect for hypothetical scenarios and solutions. Structure: 'If + past simple, would + infinitive' — shows flexibility and imagination.

Passive for academic tone

It is often argued that education should be free. However, this view overlooks the practical challenges.

Academic writing favors passive constructions. 'It is + past participle + that' creates authoritative, objective tone.

Relative clause

Students who study abroad, which is becoming increasingly common, tend to develop greater independence.

Adds sophistication without complexity. Use 'who' for people, 'which' for things, 'that' for either.

Noun phrase for density

The rapid expansion of urban areas has led to increased pollution levels.

Packs more information into fewer words. 'The implementation of effective policies' vs 'policies are implemented effectively' — boosts Lexical Resource score.

Step 6

Band 9 Model Answer (Fully Marked)

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