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Opinionacademic·2021

Many people believe that scientific research should be carried out and controlled by governments rather than private companies. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

Andika angalau maneno 250. Unapaswa kutumia takriban dakika 40 katika kazi hii.

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Step 1

Vidokezo vya Mtahini kwa Mada Hii

1

To achieve a high band score, you must state a clear position in your introduction and consistently support it throughout your essay. While acknowledging the merits of the opposing view in a concession paragraph (e.g., 'While private companies undeniably foster innovation...'), ensure you always pivot back to reinforce your main stance, demonstrating a nuanced yet firm argument.

2

Consider arguments such as government-funded research prioritizing public health and environmental protection, as seen with vaccine development or climate change studies like those by the IPCC. Conversely, private companies often excel in rapid innovation for consumer goods or pharmaceuticals, but their focus remains on commercial viability rather than universal access or fundamental science.

3

The most common mistake students make on this question is failing to take a clear 'agree' or 'disagree' stance, instead presenting a balanced discussion without a definitive leaning. To avoid this, ensure your thesis statement clearly indicates your primary position (e.g., 'I largely agree that...') and that your body paragraphs consistently provide more robust evidence for your chosen side.

4

For an opinion essay, use transition phrases that signal agreement, disagreement, or concession, then counter-argument. Start a concession paragraph with phrases like 'Admittedly' or 'While it is true that...', then transition to your counter-argument with 'However' or 'Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognise that...'. This creates a clear logical flow for your argument.

5

Examiners look for a sophisticated understanding of the complexities of scientific funding and control, demonstrating awareness of both the benefits and drawbacks of each approach. A band 8-9 essay will not just list points but will critically evaluate them, using precise academic vocabulary and complex sentence structures to present a well-reasoned, coherent, and persuasive argument.

Step 2

Muundo wa Aya Unaopendekezwa

1
Utangulizi

Eleza swali kwa maneno yako mwenyewe na ueleze wazi msimamo WAKO.

  • Usinakili swali neno kwa neno — ubadilishe kwa kutumia maneno yenye maana sawa.
  • Toa maoni yako katika sentensi ya mwisho ya utangulizi.
  • Usizidi sentensi mbili au tatu.

Misemo ya Kuanzia

It is often argued that...There is a growing debate about whether...In my view, ... because ...
2
Kifungu cha Mwili 1 — Hoja Kuu

Wasilisha hoja yako yenye nguvu zaidi kwa mfano maalum.

  • Anza na sentensi ya mada iliyo wazi inayoelezea hoja.
  • Toa usaidizi kwa mfano maalum, takwimu, au kisa halisi cha ulimwengu.
  • Eleza KWA NINI mfano huu unaunga mkono hoja yako.

Misemo ya Kuanzia

The primary reason I hold this view is that...This is clearly illustrated by...For instance, in many countries...
3
Kifungu cha Mwili 2 — Hoja ya Kusaidia

Ongeza hoja ya pili inayounga mkono msimamo wako kutoka kwa mtazamo tofauti.

  • Chagua mtazamo tofauti — ikiwa aya ya 1 ilikuwa ya kiuchumi, jaribu ya kijamii au ya kimazingira.
  • Tumia aina tofauti ya ushahidi (uchunguzi wa kibinafsi, utafiti, mantiki)
  • Unganisha tena na hoja yako kuu.

Misemo ya Kuanzia

Furthermore, it is worth considering that...Another compelling argument is that...This is further supported by the fact that...
4
Hitimisho

Rudia maoni yako na ufupishe hoja zako kuu.

  • USIanzishe mawazo mapya katika hitimisho
  • Eleza msimamo wako kwa kutumia maneno tofauti na yale yaliyotumiwa katika utangulizi.
  • Iweke kwa sentensi mbili.

Misemo ya Kuanzia

In conclusion, I firmly believe that...To sum up, the evidence clearly suggests that...

Step 3

Msamiati Muhimu

public goodBenefits or services that are available to all members of society, often provided by the government.
ethical oversightThe process of monitoring and regulating activities to ensure they adhere to moral principles and standards.
commercial viabilityThe potential for a product, service, or project to be profitable and successful in the market.
it is widely acknowledged thatA phrase used to introduce a point that is generally accepted or understood.
a compelling argument can be madeA phrase used to introduce a strong and persuasive point.
this notion is predicated onThis idea or concept is based on or depends fundamentally on.
from my perspectiveA phrase used to clearly state the writer's personal opinion or viewpoint.
the evidence overwhelmingly suggestsA phrase used to indicate that there is a great deal of strong support for a particular viewpoint.
notwithstandingIn spite of; despite.
it could be argued thatA phrase used to introduce a point or argument while maintaining a degree of academic caution or objectivity.

Step 4

Academic Phrases for This Essay Type

It is widely acknowledged thatThere is compelling evidence to suggestThis phenomenon can be attributed toA growing body of research indicatesThe implications of this are far-reachingThis raises important questions aboutFrom a broader perspectiveIt would be short-sighted to ignore

Kujumlisha

MoreoverFurthermoreIn additionWhat is more

Tofauti

HoweverNeverthelessOn the other handConversely

Sababu / Athari

ConsequentlyAs a resultThereforeThis leads to

Mfano

For instanceTo illustrateA case in point isSuch as

Ruzuku

AlthoughWhile it is true thatDespiteAdmittedly

Step 5

Grammar Patterns for Band 7+

Sentensi changamano yenye konsesheni

Although some argue that technology isolates people, the evidence suggests it strengthens connections.

Inamwonyesha mtahini kuwa unaweza kushughulikia sentensi tegemezi. Anza na 'Although/While' + mtazamo tofauti, kisha toa mtazamo wako.

Masharti (Aina ya 2)

If governments invested more in public transport, traffic congestion would decrease significantly.

Inafaa kwa hoja na suluhisho za kinadharia. 'If + past simple, would + infinitive'.

Sauti ya utendaji kwa ajili ya sauti ya kitaaluma

It is often argued that education should be free. However, this view overlooks the practical challenges.

Uandishi wa kitaaluma unapendelea matumizi ya sauti ya upatanishi. 'It is + past participle + that' inasikika kuwa na mamlaka.

Kifungu cha uhusiano

Students who study abroad, which is becoming increasingly common, tend to develop greater independence.

Vifungu vya uhusiano huongeza maelezo bila kuanza sentensi mpya. Tumia 'who' kwa watu, 'which' kwa vitu.

Kifungu cha nomino kwa msongamano

The rapid expansion of urban areas has led to increased pollution levels.

Weka taarifa katika virai nomino badala ya kutumia sentensi nyingi fupi. Hii itakusaidia kupata alama za juu katika Lexical Resource.

Step 6

Jibu la Mfano

Jisajili bila malipo ili usome jibu kamili la mfano kwa mada hii.

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