Some people believe that organic farming is the solution to food security problems. Others argue that modern agricultural technology is more important. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Write at least 250 words. Spend ~40 minutes. This is a real IELTS exam-style question.
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Step 1
IELTS Examiner Tips for This Topic
To achieve a high score, dedicate one distinct body paragraph to each perspective: one fully exploring organic farming's role in food security, and another detailing modern agricultural technology's contributions. Avoid merging arguments or presenting a one-sided discussion before your conclusion, as this undermines task response for a 'discuss both views' essay.
For organic farming, consider its benefits like reduced environmental impact and improved soil health, citing examples of local food systems in developing nations fostering resilience. For modern technology, discuss its capacity for increased yields through GMOs or precision agriculture, referencing the Green Revolution's impact on food production in countries like India.
A frequent error is discussing organic farming or modern tech in general terms without explicitly linking them back to 'food security problems.' Ensure every point you make clearly explains how each approach either solves or contributes to food security, using phrases like 'addressing food scarcity' or 'ensuring nutritional access.'
Employ clear contrastive linking phrases between paragraphs and within your discussion of each view. For example, 'While proponents of organic methods highlight sustainability, advocates for technological advancement often point to scalability.' Within paragraphs, use 'Furthermore,' 'However,' or 'Consequently' to build coherent arguments.
Examiners look for a nuanced discussion that acknowledges the complexities – that neither approach is a singular panacea, but rather part of a multifaceted solution. A band 8-9 response will demonstrate sophisticated vocabulary related to agriculture and food systems, complex grammatical structures, and a well-supported, clear personal opinion that synthesizes the preceding arguments.
Step 2
Recommended Essay Structure (Band 7+ Standard)
1Introduction
Show mastery by presenting both sides fairly and establishing your stance.
- Demonstrate understanding of BOTH perspectives — this shows critical thinking
- State which side you lean toward — even if you're discussing both equally
- Maintain neutral, academic tone — avoid emotional language or bias
Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph
2Body Paragraph 1 — First Viewpoint
Present one side with respect and credibility.
- Even if you disagree, present this view authentically with real examples
- Use academic reporting language: 'Research indicates...', 'Studies show...', 'Experts argue...'
- Acknowledge strengths — this demonstrates balanced analysis and earns marks
Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph
3Body Paragraph 2 — Opposing Viewpoint
Present the counter-argument with equal depth and sophistication.
- Match the structure and depth of paragraph 1 — examiners compare them
- Use contrasting transition words: 'Conversely', 'In contrast', 'On the other hand'
- If you have an opinion, make this paragraph slightly stronger — but stay fair
Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph
4Conclusion
Synthesize both views and deliver your decisive judgment.
- Acknowledge validity of both sides — this shows intellectual maturity
- State your preference clearly and confidently — don't hedge or waffle
- Take a firm position — examiners reward clarity over fence-sitting
Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph
Step 3
High-Scoring Vocabulary & Collocations
Step 4
Academic Phrases for This Essay Type
Addition
Contrast
Cause / Effect
Example
Concession
Step 5
Grammar Patterns for Band 7+
Complex sentence with concession
Although some argue that technology isolates people, the evidence suggests it strengthens connections.
Shows advanced grammatical control. Start with 'Although/While' + opposing view, then state your position — demonstrates nuanced thinking.
Conditional (Type 2)
If governments invested more in public transport, traffic congestion would decrease significantly.
Perfect for hypothetical scenarios and solutions. Structure: 'If + past simple, would + infinitive' — shows flexibility and imagination.
Passive for academic tone
It is often argued that education should be free. However, this view overlooks the practical challenges.
Academic writing favors passive constructions. 'It is + past participle + that' creates authoritative, objective tone.
Relative clause
Students who study abroad, which is becoming increasingly common, tend to develop greater independence.
Adds sophistication without complexity. Use 'who' for people, 'which' for things, 'that' for either.
Noun phrase for density
The rapid expansion of urban areas has led to increased pollution levels.
Packs more information into fewer words. 'The implementation of effective policies' vs 'policies are implemented effectively' — boosts Lexical Resource score.
Step 6
Band 9 Model Answer (Fully Marked)
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