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Discussionacademic·2021

Some people say that the main purpose of the education system should be to train workers for the economy. Others believe that the main aim should be personal development. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Write **at least 250 words**. Spend ~40 minutes. This is a real IELTS exam-style question.

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Step 1

IELTS Examiner Tips for This Topic

1

Dedicate a full body paragraph to each perspective presented in the prompt: one for 'training workers for the economy' and one for 'personal development'. This structured approach ensures you adequately discuss both views before introducing your own opinion in the conclusion, preventing a one-sided or imbalanced essay.

2

For the economic view, consider Germany's highly successful dual vocational training system, which directly links education to industry needs, or Singapore's strategic investment in STEM fields to fuel its knowledge-based economy. For personal development, you could reference the broader aims of liberal arts education, which cultivates critical thinking and civic engagement, or the importance of fostering creativity and emotional intelligence for individual well-being.

3

A common pitfall is merely describing each viewpoint without engaging in genuine discussion or critical analysis. Avoid simply listing pros and cons; instead, explore the underlying philosophies, potential implications, and perhaps the limitations of each perspective, ensuring a deeper engagement with the prompt.

4

To effectively transition between discussing the two opposing views, use contrastive linking phrases such as 'Conversely,' 'In stark contrast to this perspective,' or 'While some advocate for X, others contend that Y.' This clearly signals to the examiner that you are moving to the alternative viewpoint while maintaining coherence.

5

For a band 8-9, examiners look for a nuanced discussion that acknowledges the validity of both economic utility and personal development, perhaps even suggesting how they might be integrated rather than seen as mutually exclusive. Demonstrate sophisticated vocabulary related to education, economics, and human potential, alongside complex sentence structures and a clear, well-supported personal opinion.

Step 2

Recommended Essay Structure (Band 7+ Standard)

1
Introduction

Show mastery by presenting both sides fairly and establishing your stance.

  • Demonstrate understanding of BOTH perspectives — this shows critical thinking
  • State which side you lean toward — even if you're discussing both equally
  • Maintain neutral, academic tone — avoid emotional language or bias

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

There are differing opinions on whether...While some people believe that..., others argue that...This essay will examine both perspectives before reaching a conclusion.
2
Body Paragraph 1 — First Viewpoint

Present one side with respect and credibility.

  • Even if you disagree, present this view authentically with real examples
  • Use academic reporting language: 'Research indicates...', 'Studies show...', 'Experts argue...'
  • Acknowledge strengths — this demonstrates balanced analysis and earns marks

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

On the one hand, supporters of this view argue that...Those in favour point out that...A key argument for this position is...
3
Body Paragraph 2 — Opposing Viewpoint

Present the counter-argument with equal depth and sophistication.

  • Match the structure and depth of paragraph 1 — examiners compare them
  • Use contrasting transition words: 'Conversely', 'In contrast', 'On the other hand'
  • If you have an opinion, make this paragraph slightly stronger — but stay fair

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

On the other hand, critics contend that...However, there is a strong counter-argument...Conversely, many people feel that...
4
Conclusion

Synthesize both views and deliver your decisive judgment.

  • Acknowledge validity of both sides — this shows intellectual maturity
  • State your preference clearly and confidently — don't hedge or waffle
  • Take a firm position — examiners reward clarity over fence-sitting

Band 7+ sentence starters for each paragraph

In conclusion, while both sides have merit, I believe that...Having considered both arguments, it seems that...

Step 3

High-Scoring Vocabulary & Collocations

vocational trainingEducation and training that prepares people for specific jobs or careers, often involving practical skills.
holistic developmentAn approach to education that considers the intellectual, emotional, social, physical, and spiritual growth of an individual.
human capitalThe skills, knowledge, and experience possessed by an individual or population, viewed in terms of their value or cost to an organization or country.
paramount importanceOf more importance than anything else; supreme importance.
intrinsic valueThe inherent worth of something, independent of its usefulness or external benefits.
pedagogical approachThe method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept.
from my vantage pointFrom my perspective or point of view.
it is my firm convictionI strongly believe or am convinced.
notwithstandingIn spite of; despite.
it could be argued thatIntroduces a possible argument or point of view.

Step 4

Academic Phrases for This Essay Type

It is widely acknowledged thatThere is compelling evidence to suggestThis phenomenon can be attributed toA growing body of research indicatesThe implications of this are far-reachingThis raises important questions aboutFrom a broader perspectiveIt would be short-sighted to ignore

Addition

MoreoverFurthermoreIn additionWhat is more

Contrast

HoweverNeverthelessOn the other handConversely

Cause / Effect

ConsequentlyAs a resultThereforeThis leads to

Example

For instanceTo illustrateA case in point isSuch as

Concession

AlthoughWhile it is true thatDespiteAdmittedly

Step 5

Grammar Patterns for Band 7+

Complex sentence with concession

Although some argue that technology isolates people, the evidence suggests it strengthens connections.

Shows advanced grammatical control. Start with 'Although/While' + opposing view, then state your position — demonstrates nuanced thinking.

Conditional (Type 2)

If governments invested more in public transport, traffic congestion would decrease significantly.

Perfect for hypothetical scenarios and solutions. Structure: 'If + past simple, would + infinitive' — shows flexibility and imagination.

Passive for academic tone

It is often argued that education should be free. However, this view overlooks the practical challenges.

Academic writing favors passive constructions. 'It is + past participle + that' creates authoritative, objective tone.

Relative clause

Students who study abroad, which is becoming increasingly common, tend to develop greater independence.

Adds sophistication without complexity. Use 'who' for people, 'which' for things, 'that' for either.

Noun phrase for density

The rapid expansion of urban areas has led to increased pollution levels.

Packs more information into fewer words. 'The implementation of effective policies' vs 'policies are implemented effectively' — boosts Lexical Resource score.

Step 6

Band 9 Model Answer (Fully Marked)

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